The Philippines deposited its instrument of accession to the 2014 Montreal Protocol on Oct. 16, 2026, joining an agreement that expands the legal framework for addressing offenses committed on board aircraft.

Montreal Protocol expands jurisdiction

The protocol updates the 1963 Tokyo Convention to address challenges in international aviation, including incidents involving unruly and disruptive passengers.

Under specified conditions, it extends jurisdiction beyond the state where an aircraft is registered to include the state where it lands and the state of the operator. The provisions are intended to address jurisdictional gaps that can impede prosecution of offenses on international flights.

Philippine accession follows Senate approval

The deposit followed completion of the Philippines’ domestic approval process, including Senate concurrence in September 2026.

Mary Jaselle Menteer, the Philippines’ alternate permanent representative to the International Civil Aviation Organization, deposited the instrument at the organization’s headquarters in Montreal. ICAO Secretary General Juan Carlos Salazar received it and said the Philippines was the 65th country to accede to the protocol.

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